網頁Introduction Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive lung disease characterized by persistent airflow obstruction. 1 Cigarette smoke exposure is considered the primary risk factor for COPD. 2 While all COPD patients demonstrate airflow limitation, the disease is heterogeneous: at one extreme is chronic bronchitis (CB), and at the other … 網頁In clinical practice, the diagnosis of COPD is based on the presence of chronic airflow limitation, as assessed by post-bronchodilator spirometry. The severity of the airflow limitation, as measured by percent predicted FEV 1, provides important information to the physician to enable optimization of management.
A score to predict short-term risk of COPD exacerbations (SCOPEX)
網頁2024年3月25日 · Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. To improve the health status and reduce symptom … 網頁The chronic bronchitic phenotype of COPD: an analysis of the COPDGene study. Chest 2011 ; 140 ( 3 ): 626 - 633 . Kim . 2 1 WJ , Hoffman E , Reilly J , et al . Association of COPD candidate genes with computed Eur Respir J. 2011 ; 37 ( 1 ): 39 N Engl ... byzantus regular font free download
COPD-OSA Overlap Syndrome - CHEST
網頁Chronic bronchitis (CB) in patients with COPD is associated with an accelerated lung function decline and an increased risk of respiratory infections. Despite its clinical … 網頁Chronic cough and phlegm were independent risk factors for COPD development (incidence rate ratio, 1.85; 95% CI, 1.17–2.93), and patients with CB symptoms had a nearly threefold increased risk of developing new COPD compared with asymptomatic subjects ( 16 ). 網頁2016年4月29日 · Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease phenotypes and balance impairment Patients with COPD have a higher balance impairment than their healthy peers. Moreover, we observed that the bronchitic COPD phenotype is more likely to experience falls compared to the emphysematous phenotype. byzantium william butler yeats